英译中翻译技巧閒谈:句子顺序
英文重视形合,句子只要遵守文法规则,描述因果与时序时可以前后调动次序而不妨碍语意。然而,中文重视意合,并不讲究严格的语法,所以要注重时序和讲究因果关係,免得语意错乱或模糊不清。整体而言,中文会依照逻辑或事件发生的先后顺序来排列,先说明情况或背景信息,最后来个简短的表态或评论;英文恰好相反,先要表态或评论,然后才说明事情的来龙去脉。
以下举两个版主最近翻译的文章,读者可参考版主如何翻译英文。翻译的原则是:只要符合中文的行文习惯,一切问题都可迎刃而解。
It is said that bananas and chocolate were the foods most missed by the English during World War II rationing.
──Penguins, Pineapples And Pangolins, by Claire Cock-Starkey, P. 116.
(译文)第二次世界大战期间,英国实施食物配给制度,据说当时民众最怀念香蕉与巧克力。
Nutmeg is native to the Banda Islands of Indonesia and the Dutch held a tight hold on its trade after gaining control of the tiny Indonesian island of Run, one of the few places where nutmeg was grown at that time.
(译文)肉荳蔻原产于印尼班达群岛(Banda Islands)。当时“兰岛”(Run)是少数生产肉荳蔻的地区,荷兰人控制这座印尼小岛之后,便严格控管肉荳蔻的贸易。